Follow the Money

The mailers landing in Idaho mailboxes for the May 2026 Republican primary are funded by an architecture that runs through three states, three filing systems, and four entities. Each link complies with its own jurisdiction’s surface-level disclosure rules. The full donor-to-candidate path only resolves when you pull Idaho SOS Sunshine, Florida Sunbiz, and the FEC at the same time. This investigation traces the pipeline link by link, with the dollar amounts and primary-source filings attached.

Inside this report:

• Donor → national PAC → state PAC → out-of-state vendor → Idaho campaign. Each link files separately under its own state’s rules. The full chain only resolves when you pull Idaho SOS Sunshine, Florida Sunbiz, and the FEC at the same time.
• $400,000 in 2024, 17 of 32 candidates lost. Citizens Alliance of Idaho PAC took $390K from CAA national plus $10K direct from Doyle Beck and routed the largest share to Cliff Maloney’s Florida firm Mobilize the Message LLC.
• The Beck-Heileson 2014 case is the playbook in miniature. Idaho AG Lawrence Wasden charged Beck and former candidate Chick Heileson with misdemeanors for hiding the source of a $12,000 PAC donation; both settled at $250 civil fines with amended SOS reports.
• The YAL / Make Liberty Win rail and the May 2024 Maria Nate tape. Per Daniel Walters’s InvestigateWest reporting, Nate transmitted YAL’s $1.1M Idaho funding threat to a sitting state senator. Sixteen Idaho legislators walked out of the Hazlitt Coalition the next day.
• The closed loop at the IFF board. Doyle Beck holds a board seat at the policy shop that writes the model legislation and the scorecard, and writes personal checks into the funding apparatus that primaries the Republicans who refuse to vote that scorecard.
• The same funding flows through public cross-attacks among Beck-aligned operators. Heida calling Walker a “chronic liar,” Walker calling Ron Nate “black pilling,” Pardee against Maria Nate, Lenney against Pruett — none of it changed the 2026-cycle CAI disbursement schedule.

What this investigation traces

The mailers Idaho voters open for the May 2026 Republican primary carry the surface-level disclosure Idaho campaign-finance law requires — the registered committee that paid for the piece, plus its treasurer. Behind that surface-level disclosure sits the cross-jurisdiction funding architecture this investigation traces: where the money came from before it reached the registered committee.

The pipeline is documented, multi-jurisdictional, and reportable. This page traces the pipeline link by link, with the dollar amounts and primary-source citations attached.

The point of the trace is what the architecture is for — complex donor pipelines exist on all sides of American politics, so the architecture itself is not the story. A small donor cohort uses this one to fund Idaho Republican primary campaigns aimed at unseating moderate or independent Republican legislators who deviate from the policy positions written by the Idaho Freedom Foundation, where the same donor cohort sits on the board.

That is the closed loop: same donors at both ends, different filings across different states and entities, same people producing the same outcome.

The Architecture, Five Links

The funding pipeline runs in five documented links:

1. Donor layer, Doyle Beck (Idaho Falls construction-industry millionaire, IFF board member) writes personal checks. Other donors do the same at the national level.
2. National PAC layer, Citizens Alliance of America (CAA), run by Cliff Maloney, aggregates national-level contributions.
3. State PAC layer, Citizens Alliance of Idaho PAC (CAI), the state affiliate, receives transfers from CAA and additional Beck contributions.
4. Vendor layer, Mobilize the Message LLC, Cliff Maloney’s Florida-based political-consulting firm, receives the largest share of CAI campaign spending and produces the messaging.
5. Recipient layer, IFF-aligned Idaho Republican candidates and primary challengers benefit from the messaging, the door-knocking operations, and the supporting attack ads.

Every link files on its own jurisdiction’s schedule, in compliance with that jurisdiction’s surface-level disclosure rules. Each filing in isolation reveals only its own slice of the chain. The full pipeline, donor identity through Idaho-candidate beneficiary, only becomes visible when the filings are traced together across all three states. The architecture is the architecture precisely because the average voter does not pull the cross-jurisdiction links together.

The 2024 Numbers

Per public reporting on the Citizens Alliance of Idaho PAC’s 2024 election-cycle activity:

• Total CAI-PAC spending: approximately $400,000 in support of IFF-aligned Idaho candidates
• $390,000 of that came directly from the out-of-state Citizens Alliance PAC (the national vehicle, Maloney’s CAA)
• $10,000 came directly from Doyle Beck as a personal contribution to the state PAC
• The largest single vendor recipient of CAI’s 2024 spending was Mobilize the Message LLC, Maloney’s Florida-based political-consulting firm
• Of the 32 candidates CAI backed in the 2024 cycle, 17 lost their races, a 47% loss rate

DOCUMENTED

Citizens Alliance of Idaho PAC spent approximately $400,000 in 2024 in support of IFF-aligned candidates. Source breakdown: $390,000 from the out-of-state Citizens Alliance PAC + $10,000 directly from Doyle Beck. Routed through Mobilize the Message LLC, Cliff Maloney's Florida firm, as the largest single vendor recipient. CAI backed 32 candidates in 2024; 17 lost, a 47% loss rate.

The 17-of-32 loss rate matters as a credibility puncture: the network sells itself as the muscle behind effective conservative organizing in Idaho. By its own 2024 results, that muscle missed nearly half its targets even with $400,000 of donor money behind them. The branding is “winning”; the documented record is barely better than a coin flip.

The donor signature, candidate by candidate

The institutional pipeline above moves PAC dollars. Underneath it sits a separate, smaller, more direct flow: the IFF leadership writing personal checks straight into IFF-aligned candidate committees. Per the Idaho SOS Sunshine campaign-finance database, filtered to contributions of $500 or more across cycles, the same handful of names appears on the donor ledger of candidate after candidate.

Doyle Beck (IFF Board), direct personal contributions, by candidate:

Candidate	Cycle	Amount
Karey Hanks	2020 P	$1,000
Karey Hanks	2022 P	$500
Christy Zito	2024 P	$1,000
David Worley	2022	$1,000
Scott Herndon	2024 P	$1,000
Scott Herndon	2022 P	$1,000
Scott Herndon	2022	$500
Glenneda Zuiderveld	2024 P	$1,000
Glenneda Zuiderveld	2022 P	$1,000

Beck’s personal money flows directly into five separate IFF-aligned Idaho legislator and candidate committees, across three or more election cycles. His spouse Lynn Beck also gave $1,000 to Hanks (2020) and $500 (2022). The spouse-doubled giving is the cleanest single tell that the donor decision is family-coordinated network political investment, not personal preference.

Brent Regan (IFF Board Chairman, KCRCC Chair), direct personal contributions:

Candidate	Cycle	Amount
Christy Zito	2024 P	$500
David Worley	2022	$500
Scott Herndon	2024 P	$1,000
Scott Herndon	2022 P	$1,000

Three candidates, four contributions, paired across cycles for Herndon.

Bryan Smith (IFF Vice Chair, Idaho GOP National Committeeman), direct contributions and his law firm’s contributions:

Source	Candidate	Cycle	Amount
Bryan Smith personal	Karey Hanks	2021	$1,000
Bryan Smith personal	Karey Hanks	2020 P	$500 (×2)
Bryan Smith personal	Scott Herndon	2022 P	$1,000
Bryan Smith personal	Glenneda Zuiderveld	2022 P	$1,000
Smith, Driscoll & Associates, PLLC	Christy Zito	2024 P	$1,000
Smith, Driscoll & Associates, PLLC	David Worley	2022	$1,000
Smith, Driscoll & Associates	Scott Herndon	2024 P	$1,000
Smith Driscoll & Assoc	Glenneda Zuiderveld	2024 P	$1,000

Four candidates received $1,000 each from Bryan Smith’s law firm in addition to Bryan Smith’s personal giving. Sharon Smith (Bryan Smith’s spouse) also gave $1,000 to Hanks (2021) and $500 to Hanks (2020 ×2). Same family-coordinated pattern as the Becks.

Stefan Gleason, direct contributions to Zito ($1,000), Hanks ($1,000 + $500), Worley ($1,000), Herndon ($1,000 ×2). Four candidates.

RHINO PAC / Rhino PAC / RhinoPAC, to Zito ($500), Hanks ($500 ×2), Worley ($500 ×2), Herndon ($750 + $500 ×2). Four candidates, multiple cycles.

Idaho Freedom Caucus PAC, to Herndon ($1,000) and Zuiderveld ($1,000). The IFC’s own PAC funding the IFC chair and the Senate-side IFC delegation.

Idaho Freedom PAC + Idaho Freedom Coalition PAC, combined $3,000 to Worley’s 2022 campaign.

Dorothy Moon (Idaho GOP Chair), $1,000 personal to Christy Zito (2021). Zito reciprocated with $999 to Moon’s 2022 Secretary of State campaign, one dollar shy of the next reportable disclosure threshold.

The pattern is unsubtle. The same five names, Beck, Smith (and his firm), Regan, Gleason, the IFF / IFC PAC vehicles, appear cycle after cycle across at least five different IFF-aligned candidate committees in geographies as distant as Bonner County (Herndon), eastern Idaho (Hanks), Magic Valley (Zuiderveld), the Mountain Home / Owyhee area (Zito), and southeast Idaho (Worley). The geographic spread of recipients shows that this is not local-relationship giving, and the donor names show who runs the operation.

The candidate dossiers on this site each carry the candidate-specific donor table. This investigation aggregates them.

The Pre-Cooked Donor-Laundering Playbook, Beck-Heileson 2014

The Citizens Alliance pipeline is the scaled, legalized version of a much smaller pattern that the Idaho Attorney General’s office prosecuted in 2016. The smaller pattern is the playbook in miniature.

In 2014, Doyle Beck loaned $12,000 to former Idaho congressional candidate M.C. “Chick” Heileson. Heileson then donated the same $12,000 to a state PAC named Integrity in Government PAC. The source of funds, that the PAC donation was actually Beck’s money, was hidden until the Idaho AG’s office investigated. The investigation produced misdemeanor charges against both Beck and Heileson for hiding the source of campaign contributions. Both ultimately settled: a $250 civil fine each, charges dismissed, and both were required to file amended Idaho Secretary of State reports disclosing that the original $12,000 PAC donation was actually a Beck loan. (Per KIVI TV / Associated Press reporting by Kimberlee Kruesi on the Wasden settlement.)

The Beck-Heileson chain, donor loans money to candidate, candidate donates same money to PAC, source of funds hidden, is the documented prosecutable version of the pattern. The legal Citizens Alliance pipeline is the same idea scaled and legalized: donor contributes to national PAC, national PAC transfers to state PAC, state PAC pays out-of-state vendor, vendor produces materials supporting in-state candidates. Each transition is filed under a different reporting regime. The endpoint is the same.

The YAL Pipeline: $1.1M Threatened, $466K Spent, 16 Legislators Walk

Citizens Alliance is one rail of the out-of-state primary-funding architecture in Idaho. Young Americans for Liberty, through its Make Liberty Win PAC and its national Hazlitt Coalition state-legislator network, is the other.

YAL was founded in 2008 out of Ron Paul’s presidential campaign. It runs an “Operation Win at the Door” field program that knocks doors and makes calls for state-legislative candidates aligned with its policy stack. By 2024, YAL’s Hazlitt Coalition listed more than 300 state legislators as members nationally, including most of the IFF-aligned Idaho hardcore. Its Idaho 2024-cycle plan was a $1.1 million in-state campaign investment centered on primarying House Speaker Mike Moyle and Senate Pro Tem Chuck Winder.

That plan is on the public record because of two events that occurred two days apart in May 2024.

Event 1: The InvestigateWest report on the Maria Nate recording (Daniel Walters, May 13, 2024)

Maria Nate is the Idaho director of the State Freedom Caucus Network, the national whip operation for the State Freedom Caucus blocs in state capitols. Her husband, Ron Nate, is President of the Idaho Freedom Foundation. Through the SFCN, Maria Nate directed the bloc-vote strategy for the IFF-aligned legislators at the Idaho Capitol.

On May 13, 2024, InvestigateWest reporter Daniel Walters published an in-depth account of a closed-door conversation at the Idaho Capitol between Maria Nate and Rep. Heather Scott (R-Blanchard), herself a Hazlitt Coalition member at the time. Walters reported that the nearly two-hour conversation had been secretly recorded; per InvestigateWest, the recording was obtained from “a third-party source not involved in taping it.” The Maria Nate quotations below appear in InvestigateWest’s reporting, are attributed there to that recording, and are quoted here from Walters’s published article:

That second quote, as InvestigateWest reported it, is the architecture admitting itself out loud. Per Walters’s reporting, Nate, the SFCN-side operator, was the relay through which YAL / Make Liberty Win’s $1.1M Idaho funding threat reached an Idaho state senator. Two operationally distinct national entities, YAL on the campaign-spending side, SFCN on the in-chamber whip side, were coordinating through Nate’s role. Per the InvestigateWest report, the legislator’s chamber vote on a House Speaker question would, in Nate’s own words as reported, trigger Make Liberty Win’s $1.1M Idaho withdrawal.

Event 2: The 16-legislator Hazlitt Coalition withdrawal, May 14, 2024

The day after Walters’s InvestigateWest report, sixteen Idaho legislators publicly withdrew from the Hazlitt Coalition in a signed two-page letter, first published by Brian Almon at Gem State Chronicle. The signatories were the IFF / Gang-of-8 hardcore and adjacent caucus members:

• Senate: Carl Bjerke, Cindy Carlson, Phil Hart, Scott Herndon, Brian Lenney, Tammy Nichols, Ben Toews, Chris Trakel, Glenneda Zuiderveld
• House: Joe Alfieri, Jacyn Gallagher, Dale Hawkins, Tina Lambert, Elaine Price, Heather Scott, Josh Tanner

The letter’s verbatim language, as published by Almon at Gem State Chronicle:

Per Idaho EdNews’s analysis of the withdrawal (Kevin Richert, May 16, 2024), only Sen. Dan Foreman (R-Viola) remained aligned with YAL. Every other previously-Hazlitt-aligned Idaho legislator was off the YAL roster within 24 hours of the InvestigateWest report.

Event 3: What Make Liberty Win actually spent

Per Idaho EdNews’s 2024-cycle third-party-PAC analysis, YAL’s Make Liberty Win PAC spent approximately $466,000 in Idaho’s 2024 Republican primaries, a substantial fraction of the planned $1.1M but well short of the original commitment. The spend pattern was anti-leadership rather than pro-challenger:

• $81,000 opposing House Speaker Mike Moyle
• $75,000 opposing Senate Pro Tem Chuck Winder
• $100,000+ backing Rachel Hazlip in the Moyle primary

Per Idaho Press reporting on the Moyle-Hazlip race, Make Liberty Win was the largest single 2024-cycle out-of-state PAC spending against a sitting Idaho House Speaker. Speaker Moyle survived. Hazlip lost.

All three numbers are anchored in the public record: the Idaho EdNews 2024 third-party-PAC analysis (Kevin Richert / Ryan Suppe), the Idaho EdNews May 16, 2024 GOP-rift analysis, and the Idaho Press coverage of the Moyle-Hazlip primary. The underlying filings are searchable on Idaho SOS Sunshine.

The Cliff Maloney bridge: same operators, different vehicle

The architectural fact that ties the YAL pipeline back to the Citizens Alliance pipeline is Cliff Maloney.

Maloney was YAL’s President from 2017 until January 2021, when YAL’s board placed him on administrative leave following multiple sexual-misconduct allegations from women including former YAL staffers (“#YALtoo”). Maloney was fired within days. Vice President Justin Greiss was forced out the same week. (Per Reason, Fox News, InsideSources, and PJ Media coverage of the YAL board action.)

Later in 2021, Maloney and Greiss co-founded Citizens Alliance of America in Fairfax, Virginia. The 501(c)(4) Action arm and 501(c)(3) Foundation arm are both registered to a Maloney-controlled cap table. Maloney also incorporated Mobilize the Message LLC in Florida the same year. CAA’s largest single 2024 vendor recipient was Mobilize the Message, i.e., CAA paid Maloney’s own LLC for the campaign-services work CAA’s PAC subsequently disclosed.

The Idaho-side affiliate, Citizens Alliance of Idaho PAC, was registered in Hayden, Idaho with Matt Edwards (a former Los Angeles film/TV producer who relocated to Hayden during COVID) as President. In the 2026 cycle, CAI is 99.72% funded by the national CAA PAC, which is, per the cycle-specific FEC filings, over 72% funded by POM of Pennsylvania, LLC, a gaming-machine company being sued by the Pennsylvania Attorney General over its “skill” classification of devices Idaho banned in 2015. (Earlier cycles, including 2024, carried different national-donor profiles; the 2026 POM dominance is the most-recent disclosed disposition.)

Said in plain English: the same operator who ran the YAL field operation that put 17 of these legislators in office now runs the funding pipeline that primaries the legislators they want replaced. The brand changed; the operator, the out-of-state donor pool, and the Idaho candidate roster did not.

The Magic Valley Miracle Four — the YAL Idaho yield

Of the candidates YAL field-operated for in the 2024 cycle, the cleanest single-cluster yield is the Magic Valley Miracle Four: Senate D25 Josh Kohl, House D25 David Leavitt, Senate D24 Glenneda Zuiderveld (already incumbent, re-elected), and another freshman from the same cluster. All four attended the 2024 Young Americans for Liberty Conference together. All four were also backed by Citizens Alliance of Idaho PAC, i.e., funded through the Maloney pipeline. All four vote with the Idaho Freedom Caucus bloc on contested floor calls.

The Pruett-network “Honor Idaho” rebrand announcement of February 11, 2026, datelined Rigby, Idaho, explicitly named the Magic Valley success as the network’s blueprint for statewide expansion.

The signed two-page withdrawal letter and the full text of the legislators’ complaints were first published by Brian Almon at Gem State Chronicle on May 14, 2024 in BREAKING: Idaho Legislators Withdraw from Hazlitt Coalition, and analyzed two days later in Idaho EdNews’s GOP-rift analysis by Kevin Richert. (Note: Almon has separately disclosed in his Gem State Chronicle About page that he was a paid consultant to the Idaho Freedom Caucus during the same period.)

The withdrawal was tactical, not principled

Every legislator who signed the May 14, 2024 letter continued voting the same agenda after withdrawal. None changed their floor positions on IFF-scorecard items. None publicly broke with the IFF or with Citizens Alliance of Idaho PAC funding. The withdrawal was about control of the campaign apparatus, specifically, YAL’s anti-Moyle / anti-Winder spending, which the IFF-aligned legislators viewed as targeting their own leadership-cooperation strategies, not about ideological disagreement on policy.

In the months that followed, the Citizens Alliance of Idaho PAC funding rail expanded to fill the vacuum left by Make Liberty Win’s reduced Idaho footprint. The 2024-cycle CAI spend backed many of the same legislators who had walked away from the Hazlitt Coalition. The architecture absorbed the rupture and continued.

The InvestigateWest recording, the Hazlitt withdrawal, and the CAI expansion are three sides of the same operational reality: the IFF / SFCN whip apparatus and the YAL / Make Liberty Win funding apparatus are operationally distinct entities that share an Idaho donor base, an Idaho candidate slate, and a Cliff-Maloney-shaped origin story. When they coordinate, the legislator gets door-knocked into office and whip-line voted in committee. When they don’t, the network fights over which rail funds the primary. The legislator is delivered either way.

The Loop Is Closed, The IFF / Beck Combined Position

The single most important architectural fact about the Beck-CAI pipeline is that the same person sits at both ends of it.

Doyle Beck holds a board seat at the Idaho Freedom Foundation, which produces the model legislation, the legislative scorecard, and the “research” reports that drive the IFF-aligned candidates’ voting agenda. From that board seat, he votes on the organization’s strategic direction and approves the annual scorecard against which Idaho Republican legislators are graded.

Doyle Beck is also a personal donor to Citizens Alliance of America, which funds the Idaho campaigns of the same legislators graded by the IFF scorecard.

Said directly: the donor who funds the campaigns is the same person who sits on the board of the organization that produces the policy positions the campaigns vote for. The closed loop is structural, documented in the public filings of three states.

What Loyalty Looks Like in the Funding Pattern

The clearest evidence that the Beck-CAI funding apparatus is loyalty-enforcing rather than ideology-enforcing is what happens when actors inside the network publicly attack each other.

In April 2026, multiple cross-attacks among Beck-CAI-aligned actors became publicly visible:

• John Heida (Stop Idaho RINOs) attacked Lauren Walker with verbatim language including “chronic liar” and “scum.”
• Lauren Walker attacked IFF President Ron Nate publicly, calling his rhetoric “black pilling.”
• Brandee Pardee attacked Maria Nate (Director of the State Freedom Caucus Network) publicly.
• Sen. Brian Lenney publicly questioned Greg Pruett’s accusations against Sen. Heather Scott.
• Sen. Brian Lenney publicly accused the IFF founder of “defending child access to porn” in a dispute over the IFF Index.

If the Beck-CAI funding apparatus enforced ideology, these public attacks among aligned actors would have funding consequences. They do not. The 2026 cycle’s CAI funding pattern continued through and after each of these documented public attacks. Funding flowed to the actors involved on either side without modification.

That pattern is the proof. The funding follows loyalty to the donor cohort, principally Doyle Beck, not loyalty to a coherent ideology or to internal-network harmony. CAI is the operational mechanism through which that loyalty enforcement runs. (The full cross-attack receipt set lives on the Citizens Alliance organization page and the Doyle Beck dossier.)

How This Pipeline Becomes a Federal-Immigration ICE Raid

The most dramatic case where the Beck-CAI funding pipeline produced an offline operational consequence is the Mickelsen Coordinated Attack. The funding pipeline does not directly write ICE-tip submissions, but the network of actors it funds and the platforms it amplifies are the operational substrate that produced the January 2025 attack.

That investigation walks the Mickelsen case in detail. The point for this Follow-the-Money report: when a Beck-CAI-aligned official decided to deploy federal immigration enforcement against an Idaho Republican legislator who had taken back her county party committee, the funding pipeline did not pause. The next 2026-cycle CAI disbursement schedule continued unchanged. The apparatus moved on to the next race.

The Network Pages

The full architecture is documented across these pages on this site:

• Doyle Beck dossier, the donor / IFF board / legal-history record
• Cliff Maloney dossier, the CAA / Mobilize the Message operator
• Citizens Alliance organization page, the funding-pipeline architecture
• Idaho Freedom Foundation organization page, the policy-shop board where Beck holds a seat
• Mickelsen Coordinated Attack, the operational consequence case study
• Manufacturing a Martyr, the narrative-amplification side of the same network

Sources

On the Citizens Alliance pipeline:

• Idaho SOS Sunshine, Citizens Alliance of Idaho PAC filings, 2024 cycle, search interface
• Florida Department of State Division of Elections, Mobilize the Message LLC corporate registration, Sunbiz lookup
• ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer, Citizens Alliance of America Action Inc 990 (EIN 87-1174297), link
• East Idaho News, “A look inside the big bucks and key players in Idaho’s 2024 primary election spending” (May 2024), link
• Idaho EdNews, “The third-party PACs: Where they spent, and how they fared” (Kevin Richert / Ryan Suppe, 2024), CAI 32-candidate / 17-loss spend analysis + Make Liberty Win $466K Idaho spend, link

On the YAL / Make Liberty Win pipeline:

• InvestigateWest, “Secret recording shows how a right-wing Idaho lobbyist tried to keep a legislator in lockstep” (Daniel Walters, May 13, 2024). All Maria Nate quotations referenced in this investigation are taken from Walters’s published reporting. Link
• Gem State Chronicle, “BREAKING: Idaho Legislators Withdraw from Hazlitt Coalition” (Brian Almon, May 14, 2024), 16-legislator signed withdrawal letter and verbatim text, link
• Idaho EdNews, “Analysis: Another rift within the GOP comes into plain public view” (Kevin Richert, May 16, 2024), YAL $1.1M Idaho commitment + Make Liberty Win spending pattern, link
• Idaho Capital Sun, “Among Idaho lawmakers, it’s Freedom Caucus vs. Freedom Caucus” (September 16, 2024), IFC operational split following Maria Nate recording, link
• Idaho Press, Moyle vs. Hazlip 2024 GOP primary coverage, YAL $100K+ anti-Moyle spend, link
• YAL official site, “YAL Backs Idaho SB 1038, Looks Forward to School Choice Win”, documented YAL Idaho field operations (6,000+ doors, 7,000+ calls for Tammy Nichols’ SB 1038), link
• Reason, “Young Americans for Liberty Removes President After Sexual Misconduct Allegations” (January 14, 2021), Maloney YAL termination, link
• Fox News, “Young Americans for Liberty president on leave after sexual misconduct accusations” (January 2021), link
• Faculty First Responders, YAL Koch-network funding analysis ($5,920,023 Koch / DonorsTrust / Donors Capital Fund 2012-2019)

On the Beck-Heileson 2014 case:

• KIVI TV / Associated Press (Kimberlee Kruesi), Idaho AG settlement on Beck-Heileson Integrity in Government PAC charges, link

Editorial framing / narrative analysis:

• Political Potatoes, “What’s the Going Price For The Soul of An Idaho Senator?” (Gregory Graf, February 14, 2025), the editorial framing that organized this network analysis, link
• Political Potatoes, “The Intimidation Game Comes to Idaho”, coordinated-attack narrative documentation, link
• Political Potatoes, “The Idaho GOP’s Legal Shell Game”, Smith $82K Idaho-GOP-billing documentation, link

Related investigations

This is one of three connected investigations on this site:

• Manufacturing a Martyr, the narrative-construction machinery
• The Mickelsen Coordinated Attack, the operational consequence: ICE-raid retaliation